etc., recall the word
resoldered here
in a pane of sand.
— R. Kenney

Ascent Stage
a life-in-progress

The Genographic Project

OK, I’m pretty excited about this project. Today National Geographic and IBM announce a five-year partnership to map the patterns of dispersal and change of human DNA across the Earth. The goal is to develop an accurate picture of ancestral human migration patterns by analyzing genetic markers — mutations transmitted from generation to generation — in blood samples and cheek swabs from people all around the world. This is forensics on a global scale, macrogenealogy.

What makes this project unique, I think, is the opportunity for public participation. In addition to the indigenous populations that comprise a major part of the study, interested people anywhere can purchase a cheek swab kit and submit their cells for analysis. The process is completely anonymous. All your cells get is a barcode. The results can be interesting, sometimes dismantling preconceptions about one’s family lineage going way back. (One Italian-American IBM executive who participated in an early test was shocked to learn that his family line extended into the mountains of Iran. How his family got there from Africa is one question that this project hopes to answer.) Once you submit your cells and the DNA is analyzed you can log in to the site and see the migration patterns, such as they are known at that point, of which your family is a part.

This will be controversial, no doubt. Society itself (not to mention the racist mind) depends on a firm belief in where people come from, who they are, and who they are not — however dubiously tied to fact these beliefs may be. But better to know the real shape of the family tree than only to imagine it, no?

Info on the specifics of IBM’s involvement is available. Some coverage here and elsewhere.

Posted on April 13, 2005 to the category called Genealogy .

Comments

Hi,

I just got my results from National Geography and happened to be M172 and Haplogroup J2. However I am from Iran, I guess my ancestors remained there for all these years.

Posted by: Shahram at August 11, 2005 2:45 PM

Hello, I had my DNA tested through the Genographic project and mine came back as M172 as well, which was actually a surprise. My father’s father’s father’s (etc.) family is Hungarian and I became interested in the DNA test due to the sometimes unusual (and hotly debated) origins of the Hungarian people. So, it appears that, like John, at least part of me comes through where Shahram’s family (father’s anyway) stayed all these years. Very interesting. Cool site.

Posted by: Stewart at November 9, 2005 1:06 AM

Shahram,

If you can please e-mail me at ahlulbaytproject@yahoo.com, I have a question about your genographic results.

Posted by: Ali at March 31, 2006 9:02 PM

My DNA analyses indicates that I am J2 (M172) but I feel Genographic’s write-up and map is lacking and misleading.My family has been in India for well over 1000 years.I see figures from 5% to 9% of Indians as being J2. But other than a dot on some maps there is no branch shown into India. The belief that there was an “Aryan Invasion” and matters related to the caste system makes genetic studies and testing a matter of great interest to Indians.Unfortunately, one has to go elsewhere to learn about them.

Posted by: L. Mendes at May 30, 2006 3:28 PM

My DNA analyses indicates that I am a R1a (M17). My family has lived in Croatia for hundreds of years. The DNA Migratory map appeared to have been in line with what I have learned about Croatian origins growing up as a child.

I was impressed with the outcome of the kit.

Posted by: Ferdinand at June 3, 2006 6:06 PM

J2 (M172) came from Darskinned Caucasians Dravidian who were the ancestors to the Aryan race india that invade from Iran. Some my ancestors who were related Parsis were also J2 (M172).

Posted by: Robert at June 27, 2006 9:11 PM

I got my result of genograpic project today.

I am a born croatian living in germany and my genes belong to J2 M172.

So Ferdinand, you are one of the russian boys, probably blond and blue eyed…:-)

I am from the south of Croatia, dark haired, tall and with dark eyes.

I was always wondering how different the people in Croatia are compared to other nations.

Posted by: Nikola at June 30, 2006 1:11 PM

My genographic report came as a J2.
I am a Christian from Kerala in South India and legend has it that our family were converted to christianity from Hinduism 2000 years ago.

Posted by: Praveen at July 3, 2006 5:01 PM

I was tested a year ago by National Geographic as J2 (M172). Having been born in Canada my ancestors came overseas in the late 1800’s to early 1900’s. They were from an area which is now the southern Ukraine.
Surprisingly photos of my grandfather and his brothers when they were young men looked Turkish. I am tall, slim, dark haired, and with olive complexion. We called ourselves Ukrainian but this DNA result has me questioning that.

Posted by: Dan at August 29, 2006 8:49 PM

I am a R1A from turkish speaking people of iran, my vilage name is Hunj, the name reflecting a scythian tribe(Huns), about 20% of iranian azerbaijani are R1a so it shows a heavy back ground of steps for them

Posted by: shahram at September 22, 2006 1:29 PM

Hi Nikola,

As far as being a Russian boy I am not so sure about that :) I am blond curly haired with dark eyes and light complexion. My father (from Gorski Kotar, Croatia) has dark curly hair, olive skin, and dark eyes. My djeda had blond hair, grey eyes, and light complexion, apparently, his father was dark skinned, dark eyes, dark hair. Go figure :) You can never tell with genes. Physically we all look alike in our Croatian family but different shades of color :)

Posted by: Ferdinand at March 18, 2007 10:00 PM

Can some tell me what civilsations are assoicaited with M172?

Jewish, Phoenician, Arab, Persian?

Posted by: Joel at April 23, 2007 9:02 AM

I tested J2 (M172). My Dads family was Hungarian and although my father was blond, his father was dark haired. Small world!

Posted by: Alan at May 12, 2007 1:16 PM

Both my mother and father came from Lebanon and I tested as J2 (M172). I got a kit for my cousin (I wanted to trace my mother’s side of family) who remained in Lebanon and he tested as J (12f2.1). I have no idea what all this means.

Posted by: Raff Ellis at June 9, 2007 1:59 PM

Hello, I am George Mathew and from the very South West of India, called Kerala. I am tested J2 too. We are Nasrani’s or Syrian Christian’s also called Saint Thomas Christians. Our heritage is Jewish. The conversion from Hinduism to Christianity theory of the Nasranis is not any more holding water in the light of several DNAs being J2 and R1a (Levite). We are all awaiting for further test results. I did my test with Family Tree DNA at Houston.

Posted by: George Mathew at June 12, 2007 9:58 PM

My family claims descent from the prophet Muhammad´s paternal grandfather. Here is some info I have gathered on J2 haplogroup:

http://www.j2abraham.com/

Posted by: Syed at June 24, 2007 1:36 PM

Do posters realized that low levels of J2 are common to India and dates to Vedic (Rg Veda) times? And would probably be tracable to the introduction of agriculture?

Posted by: Bill at November 29, 2007 11:47 AM

J2 is most common in the Fertile Crescent/ Levant where it forms 25%-30% of the population. Haplogroup J is the only haplogroup found in all four Israelite populations, general Jewish, Cohanim within gen. Jewish population, Samaritans and Bene Israel of India.

J2 is less common in Europe and India. In India haplogroup H is followed by R, O, then J followed by F. Haplogroup J2a-M410 is confined to upper caste Dravidian and Indo-European speakers, with little occurrence in the middle and lower castes.

http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2005/11/new-paper-on-indian-y-chromosome.html

I think, if J2a-M410 was ancient in India, then it would be more evenly distributed in the Indian population, like most of the other haplogroups.

In my case, I have yet to find a single 12 marker match (leave alone the 67 listed on my website) from the general Hindu/ Indian population and I have searched many databases.

Posted by: Syed at January 24, 2008 12:00 PM

I had my y-dna 67 marker test done through Family Tree DNA. I was adopted at birth, and have never met a biological relative. My test came back, and I found a relative (within the past couple hundred years) through the service. He is a Jewish Levite, and our haplogroup is E3b1a1. I didn’t know that I had Jewish roots, now I do.

Posted by: K Beckley at March 11, 2008 2:42 PM

I just tested with the Genographic Project- as a J2 (M172) My father’s parents were Portuguese—the name is a derivative of Carvalho an old Portuguese name and there are many christians and jews with this surname—the Jews are Sephardic generally and dispersed into England and the US, perhaps elswhere. I would like to compare others who have the same DYS (Short Tandem Repeats)to see if there re matches somewhere.

Posted by: Joseph Carvalko at May 14, 2008 7:38 PM

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